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ADHD Medication – Ritalin, Amphetamine, and Methylphenidate Ritalin is a central-neurological system stimulant. Doctors often prescribe it to treat ADHD. It's available in liquid and tablet forms that can be swallowed (Ritalin, Ritalin SR) or as a tablet that dissolves in the mouth (Evekeo ODT). The most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD are stimulants. They alleviate symptoms by increasing the amount of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate (brand names Ritalin, Concerta, and Focalin) is the first-choice stimulant ADHD medication for children and adults. It increases the levels of dopamine in the brain which increases focus and concentration. Off-label, it can be used for narcolepsy, fatigue due to cancer treatment and apathy among seniors. It is available in many forms, from short-acting tablets that can be chewed, or dissolved to extended-release capsules that can be opened and sprinkled onto food items. It is classified as a Schedule II controlled substance because of its potential for abuse and dependency. Common side effects include dry mouth, nausea and trouble sleeping. Children who take methylphenidate can lose their appetite and may not want to eat anything at all. If these side effects happen then the doctor may reduce the dosage or switch the child onto a non-stimulant medication. The use of stimulant drugs like methylphenidate could increase the risk of substance misuse among young people. This risk can be minimized if the medication prescribed is taken under the supervision of a physician. The FDA recommends that parents use a plan for managing their behavior to reduce the risk of substance misuse and to help kids develop the skills to manage their ADHD symptoms. Methylphenidate isn't recommended for people with certain heart problems. It could cause heart malfunction or irregular heartbeat in those suffering from heart conditions that are structural. It may also increase the heart rate and blood pressure in those with high blood pressure. It can also worsen circulation problems in the feet and fingers. The FDA approves methylphenidate in many different forms that include IR and ER products. In addition, it is available as an extended-release capsule called Azstarys, which contains serdexmethylphenidate (SDX) and immediate-release d-methylphenidate (d-MPH). The tablet can be chewed or dissolved into liquid. The drug is recommended to take it in conjunction with food to prevent appetite loss. Methylphenidate can affect mood and some people may experience more depressed or irritable. It may cause manic episodes in bipolar disorder sufferers. In rare cases methylphenidate could cause more psychotic symptoms in those with schizophrenia and other mental disorders. Amphetamine Amphetamine is a central nervous system stimulant that is used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It improves attention and reducing restlessness in those who suffer from ADHD. It can also help people lose weight if they are overweight. Only doctors can prescribe it. Amphetamine functions by influencing the trace amine associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) and inhibiting the vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 (VMAT2). It affects the dorsal caudate nucleus putamen, substantia nerve ventral tegmental region and the locus ceruleus. It also affects the amygdala, and raphe nucleus of the brain. Amphetamines are often utilized in conjunction with other medications to treat ADHD. They are also used to treat narcolepsy and aid in weight loss. They are consumed orally and can be available in a variety of forms including an immediate-release tablet (Evekeo) and an orally disintegrating tablet that dissolves quickly in the mouth (Evekeo ODT) and an extended-release (long-acting) tablet known as Adzenys ER. Amphétamines are often employed by people to boost their alertness and energy levels. They might be truck drivers, soldiers, students or athletes. In the past, amphetamines were also used to improve the performance of workers or to increase morale. In addition, they could be abused by people who suffer from eating disorders. They can have serious side effects, including heart problems and sudden deaths. Ample doses of amphetamine can be harmful and lead to addiction. Amphetamine may also interact with certain medications, such as heart medications and antidepressants. It is important to tell your doctor about any other supplements or medications you are taking. It is also essential to inform your doctor if you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. Amphetamine can be absorbed into breast milk and harm babies. Patients who take this medication should be evaluated for cardiac condition prior to and during treatment. add adhd medications who experiences exertional chest pain, pathologic heart murmurs or signs of syncope should undergo a thorough cardiac examination. Patients who show any sign of bipolar disorder should have an evaluation of their psychological state prior to starting amphetamine. It is important to monitor the development of children during treatment. It is important to store this medication in a secure location, and preferably locked. Do not sell or give it to anyone else. It could cause harm to other people and is a violation of law. It is crucial to follow the prescribed schedule recommended by your doctor. This will help you avoid withdrawal symptoms, which can be serious. Non-stimulant drugs Although stimulant medication is usually the first choice when it comes to treating ADHD however, they aren't always the best choice. Nonstimulant medications can be more effective than stimulants for treating certain children. They take longer to work but they can boost kids' ability to focus and manage their impulses. Nonstimulant medicines are also less prone to side effects. They can be used in conjunction together with stimulants to enhance the effectiveness of medications. Stimulants like Ritalin and Adderall improve the communication between nerves as well as regions of the brain, which helps kids focus and limit their tendency to be impulsive. The effects of these medications have been studied for decades and have been proven to be the most effective for children with ADHD. Methylphenidate as well as amphetamine, which are the principal ingredients in many stimulant medicines, are known to be used by some people as recreational substances. These drugs are controlled substances because of the potential for abuse. Doctors need prescriptions to prescribe these medications and their dosage and distribution must be closely monitored to prevent misuse. Some stimulant medication can cause serious side effects, such as an increase in blood pressure and heart rate. Certain people experience a loss in appetite, which may result in weight gain. Additionally, these drugs can cause mood changes that include anxiety or nervousness. They can also cause problems sleeping, which can affect a person's ability to function at school or at work. In some cases, the side effects are so severe that doctors need to change the type of medication. Nonstimulant drugs have been around for a shorter time than the stimulants however they are just as efficient. Atomoxetine (Strattera) and guanfacine XR are two newer FDA-approved treatments for ADHD that operate on a different neurotransmitter that stimulants do. These drugs, called selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors, have found to reduce ADHD symptoms in more than 70% of children. Viloxazine (Qelbree) is a different medication that functions similarly to atomoxetine. However, it's not yet compared to stimulants head-to-head. Other types of nonstimulant medications include alpha-2 adrenergic agonists and antidepressants. Alpha-2 adrenergic agonists that are typically prescribed to treat high blood pressure, can have a calming effect that can aid in controlling aggression and impulsivity. They're not the first choice treatment for ADHD, but they are a good option to complement other medication or when stimulants don't aid. Doctors frequently prescribe tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine (Tofranil) and nortriptyline (Aventyl) to treat ADHD due to their effectiveness in decreasing blood pressure and possess an calming effect. They're typically prescribed to teens or older children who are able to tolerate their adverse effects. Side effects If your child is suffering side effects from ADHD medication, it could be due to the way the medication is absorbed into their body, or the way it interacts with other medications and food. Most often, these side effects are controlled by altering the dosage or formula of the medication, or by adjusting their eating and sleeping habits. In certain instances, they can be avoided entirely by using another type of medication or stimulant. Methylphenidate (marketed as Ritalin) is a stimulant of the central nervous system. It affects chemicals and nerves in the brain that cause hyperactivity. It has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat children 6 years of old and over with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). It is also prescribed off-label to treat adult narcolepsy. When taken correctly, it is safe and efficient. It could become addicting if used in a hurry or abruptly stopped. It is important that you stay away from other people and only take it in the manner prescribed by your physician. Like other stimulants for the central nervous system, methylphenidate can trigger a temporary increase in norepinephrine and dopamine activity in the brain. Dopamine affects movement and pleasure while norepinephrine stimulates the body and brain for action. The most common side effects of methylphenidate are stomachaches, headaches and a decrease in appetite. These are usually minor and will disappear after several weeks. It is best to take this medication along with food, as it increases absorption. The doctor of your child will be able to monitor the height growth of your child while taking the medication. They may also suggest that you take a break during the summer in order to encourage healthy growth. Anyone who is allergic to bee stings or other allergies must inform their doctor prior to deciding to take methylphenidate. They should also tell their doctor if they are planning to undergo surgery or an MRI because these procedures could affect the way in which the medication is absorbed. Also, they should inform their doctor if they smoke or drink alcohol or use illegal drugs.